Chapter – 1

Introduction to Sentences

                  

        English syllabus mainly divided into three parts    

 

                                                                                                                                                                            

2.Comprehension

 

a.    Reading passage

b.   Close Test

c.    Para jumble

 

 3.Vocabulary

  1. One word Substitution
  2. Idioms and Phrases
  3. Synonyms And Antonyms
  4. Phrasal Verbs

 

Basic Information about English:

         English is a Language that consists of sounds, meaning the full arrangement of words and phrases.

 

Sound:

        Sound mean’s Reading, Writing, Speaking, Listening properly.

There is a total of 26 letters are in English they are called ‘Alphabets’.

 

 

Types of Alphabets:

  1. Vowels: a, e, i, o,u

                  Total 20 sounds in vowels  

                   VOWELS Sounds are divided in to 2 parts ‘Monophthong ‘And ‘Diphthong ‘

                   Monophthong – 12 

                   Ex: CAT, MAT, PAD 

                   Diphthong - 8

                   Ex : Out, Doctor , Vowel

2.Consonants:  B, C, D , F ,G, H ,J ,K,L,M, N,P,Q,R,S,T,V,W,X, Y ,Z are consonants

                      Total 20 sounds in Consonants.

                       

 

 

Phrases:- A group of words without complete meaning 

                    Ex: Ram and sham

 

Phrases are 3 types

  1. Noun phrase
  2. Adjective phrase
  3. Adverb phrase

 

Sentence: Proper arrangement of words with complete meaning Is called a Sentence.

 

The basic structure of the sentence


 

Kinds of Sentence ( S, V, O)

  1. Assertive sentence :

a. Affirmative Sentence or Positive sentence 

        Structure: subject + Helping verb + Main verb + object

        Example: Naina is watching a movie

                                    Naina + is+ Watching + a movie 

  

             b. Negative Sentence:

             Structure: subject + Helping verb +NOT+ Main verb + object

            Example: 1) Shila does not write a book

                             2)  They did not go to college  

 

 

2 Interactive sentence:

a.       Close ended Sentence (yes / No)

         Structure: subject + Helping verb + Main verb + object?

                      Ex: A) Do you know the way to the Taj?

                 B) Will you Marry me?

 

 

 

b.      Open-ended Questions:

              Structure: subject + Helping verb + Main verb + object+ o

               Ex: A) What are you doing?

                B) Will you Marry me?